Process for treating hydrocarbons



July 23, 1929. G. EGLOFF PCCESS FOR TREATING HYDROCARBONS Original FiledNov. 14, 1921 Q .NN

matted July 23, 192e.

uNlTEDV STATES 11,122,114; rar-snr ortica."

GUBTAV EGLOFF, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'IO UNIVRSAI; OIL PRODUCTSCOMPANY, I' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION 0F 'SOUTH DAKOTA..

PROCESS FOR TREATING EYDROCARBONS. i

Application led November 14,1921, Serial No. 514,880.- RenewednSeptember la, 1928.

This invention relates to improvements in rocess and apparatus fortreating hydrocarons and refers more particularly to a process in whichrelative high boiling point oil is converted into oil having a lowerboiling point or having the characteristics of gaso- Among the salientobjects of the invention are to provide a process in which the oiltreat.

ed is converted in the still, the vaporsv being dephlegmated andcondensed and the refiux returned for retreatment anda process in which,-in addition to the conversion of the primary charge, the unvaporizedportionof the oil remaining in the still is directed through a refiningstage to eliminate. to a large extent, the free carbon separated duringconversion and subsequentthereto is returnedtojthe still in a refinedstate.

The single figure is a diagrammatic side elevational view of theapparatus.

Referring in detail to the drawing. the oil to be treated is introducedthrough a pipe 1 from anv convenient source of suppdy and is charged bymeans of the pump 2 through the line 3. which introduces the oil to thestill 4. The oil in the still is maintained at a constant level'and issubiected to theheat of the furnace 5 above which it is mounted.

The oil treated in the still is maintained under regulated vaporpressure and is processed to crack the oil under a substantial pressureof the generated vapor The vapors evolved in the still pass od throughthe vapor' line 6 to a dephlegmator 7. where they are subiected to areflux condensing action. rising into the gooseneck 8 to a watercondenser l9 and thence collected as distillate in the receiver 10. .Thereceiver is equipped with a liquid drawod valve 11. pressure reliefapipe 12 and liquid 'and pressure gauges 13 and 14. The vapors passing'through the deplegmator are caused to travel in a circuitous rote dueto the bahia plates 15. The lower bafiies are perforated neXt to theshell of the dephlegmator as shown at 16 so that the refinar condensatewhich is. separated from the vapors in their travel through same willflow alongr the inclined lower surface of the dephlegmator to the.drawoff pipe 17 regulated by 'a throttle valve 18. The reflux condensatemay be directed by manipula- A ltion ofthe valves 18 and y19 in thereturn "line 20 so thatit may be Vreturned through the 'pipe `20 tothefilter bed 21 mounted in the top ofthe stillthrough the connecting pipe22 or by closing-the valve 19 and opening the valve 18, it maybereturned and intro- .duced into the bottom of the still through theperforated pipe 23 which is nothing more 60 than a prolongation of thereturn line 17. During operation, as the oil is converted, there .willbe a separation of free carbon which will tend to pollute the oil in thestill and apparatus with an objectionable accumulation of freecarbon inthe bottom of the still. To obviate this collection of free carbon intheoil which is being processed, there is positioned in the bottom of thestill a second perforated pipe 24 by means of 76 which this heavier oilwhich collects as the oil is being treated, 'may be withdrawn'from' thebottom of the still by means of the suction pump 25. This pump,withdrawing the heavier oil from the still bottom. draws the carboncontaining oily through the line 26 regulated by a valve 27 and forcesit through the line 22 in which ispositioned a'valve 28. rl`hisdischarge line 22 and suction pump 25 communicate with the filter bed 21mount- 30 ed in the upper portion of the still 4. The carbon containingoil being introduced at one end of the filter bed is caused to passalong through the filtering material such as fullerls earth. bone blaclror other type of cleansing agent. in this connection used. While rectingthe reflux condensate bach to the conim ncting pipe 22 where the refluxis combined withthe carbon containing oil and is caused to pass throughthe Afiltering stage .prior to its introduction to the still forretreatment The process may be operated as an alter-'- nate process, thereflux being returned directly to the still or through the filtering`bed as desired. An important feature of the p invention is the agitationof the oil during l treatment due to the returning reflux voilbel oifgil which is withdrawn from the bottom the still, passed through thefilter bed andf returned to be injected into the oil body ing jecd intothe bottom of the au and the local circulation of the carbon containingrth rou h the perforated vpipe positioned in the st1ll ottom. Thisin]ection of clear unpolluted oil in the bottom of the still revents theaccumulation of carbonv in the ottom of the still and reducesmateriallfyfthe fire hazardqattendant on processes o Ithis type where aconsiderable quantity of oil is treated in'a body. A drawoif line 31controlled by a'valve 32 furnishes means for '15, regulating the levelof the oil inthe still.

claim as Iny invention 1 1. A process for treating hydrocarbon oil,consisting in subjecting a body of oil to cracking conditions of heatvand pressure in a still, in subjecting the evolved vapors to de-'phlegmatiom in withdrawing regulated quantities of the -unvaporized oilfrom the body of oilin the still, in combining such unvaporized oil withreflux condensate resulting from the deplegmation of the vapors, .inpassing the resulting mixed oil through a mass of heated ilterlngmaterial, in return- Y ing the cleansed mixed oil, and in'ecting it intothe lower portion of the'oil ody undergoing crackin reaction.

2. A process o crackin hydrocarbon oil,

consisting in sub'ecting a4 ulk supply of oil to cracking con itions oftemperature and pressure, in continuously withdrawin j ortions of theunvaporlzed oil from sal ulk -supply of oil, in diluting such portionsby

